Steam-turbine.



` No. 755,474. PATENTED MAR. 22, 1904.

J". B. EVANS.

STEAM TURBIN-E.

APPLICATION FILED DEU. 12, 1903.

1n: Nenms arias '00,. PHom-Llrno., WASHINGTON. o. c.

PATENT Patented March 22, 1904.

FFlCE..

JOSEPH B. EVANS, OE SELMA, ALABAMA.

STEAM-TURBINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 755,474, dated March 22, 1904.

Application led December l2, 1903. Serial No. 184,980. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOSEPH B. EvANs, a citi- Zen of the United States, residing at Selma, in the county of Dallas and State of Alabama, have invented new and useful Improvements in Steam-Turbines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to steam-turbines for stationary use; and it consists, essentially, of a cylinder' divided into right and left sections with a steam-chest between the latter, the steam being admitted to the chest and passing through annular ports into each section of the cylinder. The cylinder is provided with fixed blades or abutments disposed at reverse angles to blades fixed on a shaft, which extends through both sections of the cylinder and chest. The improved organization practically constitutes atwin turbine, the blades in one set being disposed in right-hand position and in the other having a left-hand arrangement.

The advantage of the improvement is that the thrust is neutralized or entirely eliminated, the two sectionsY being of equal power and the pulling strain in one section operating against that in the other.

r1`he accompanying drawing shows a longitudinal vertical section of a steam-turbine embodying the features of the invention.

The numeral 1 designates a suitable base, which is adapted to be fixed stationarily on a support and has on the upper part thereof an elongated cylinder 2, divided into sections 3 and 4, between which is a steam-chest 5, located at the center and having opposite fixed heads 6. Communication between the chest 5 and the sections 3 and 4 is obtained through the medium of annular ports 7, formed between the heads 6 and the cylinder. In the center of the top of the cylinder 2 and cornmunicating with the chest 5 is a steam .-inlet or feed pipe 3, and communicating with the lower portions of the outer terminals of the sections 3 and 4 are exhaust-pipes 9 and 10, the latter being of materially greater diameter than the steam-inlet or feed pipe 8.

Extending longitudinally through the cylinder 2 and projecting outwardly from the opposite heads of said cylinder is a shaft 11, whichis rotatably held in the heads 6 of the chest 5. This shaft between each head 6 and the cylinder-head is diametrically enlarged or has hubs 12,which operate to prevent the shaft from sliding longitudinally and provide means for the practical attachment of radial blades 13, which are disposed in the respective sections 3 and 4 in right and left hand positions. Projecting inwardly toward `the shaft enlargements or hubs 12 from the wall of the cylinder 2 and located between the planes of movement of the blades 13 are stationary blades or abutments 14, which are disposed in angles reverse to the blades 13, with which they cooperate.

in the operation of the turbine steam is admitted tothe chest 5 and from the latterilows in opposite directions through the annular ports 7 into the sections 3 and 4 and engages the blades 13 on the hubs 12. Owing to the angular position of the said blades 13, the shaft is caused to rotate, and the beneficial expansive effect of the steam is more fully concentrated on the several blades by the abutments 14. After the steam passes fully over and operates in conjunction with the blades 13 it exhausts at opposite ends of the cylinder through the exhaust-pipes 9 and 10. The exhaust is rapidly carried on, but does not detract from obtaining the full forceful' impact of the steam on the blades 13. The exhaust means explained lbeing larger than the steam-inlet will overcome any tendency toward back pressure or resistance that might ensue by slow exhaust, and, moreover, by having the exhaust means arranged as set forth the circulation of the steam and the ex pansion will be more effective and positive.

While steam has been described as the motive agent, it will be understood that in some instances water-pressure may be employed, and, furthermore, the general organization may be modified by increasing the propotions and dimensions thereof without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Having thus fully described the invention, what is claimed as new isl A turbine of the class set forth, consisting of an elongated cylinder having a single motive-medium-admitting pipe connecting with the center of the Lipper portion thereof, and exhaust-pipes connecting with the opposite TOO lower extremities, a shaft extending longitudinally through the cylinder and having thereon angularly-arranged radial blades arranged y sides of the center ot' the cylinder at the inner terminals of the blades being provided with heads of less diameter than the interior of the cylinder and forming a chest between them for the reception of the motive medium, the Vmotive medium passing from the chest in opposite directions between the said heads and the inner surface of the cylinder, and abutments extending into the cylinder between the blades on the opposite extremities of the shaft and disposed at reverse angles to said blades, the blades and abutments at opposite extremities of the shaft and cylinder being in reverse positions.

ln testimony whereof I alix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

. JOSEPH BQ EVANS.

Witnesses:

DANIEL PARTRIDGE, Jr., NELL PEGNES. 

